In a text, even just a paragraph, it's essential for the readers to pinpoint main ideas and to find supportive details about its topic. As in K12 Reader stated, "the main idea, also called the central idea or main point, is the primary concept of a passage. It represents the essential point that the author is trying to convey". It's more likely you must locate the main idea correctly in order to get a good comprehension about the text you read. It's not only that, Oberg in Sophia also mentioned that finding supporting details is important too, so you can make sense of the main idea. Recognizing Topics, Main Ideas, and Details Being able to Identify the stated main idea (major points the author makes about the topic directly stated in a sentence) of what you are reading is a major first step toward understanding college-level material. To understand what main ideas are, it is helpful to distinguish them from topics and supporting details. A topic is what a reading is about, the subject of a reading. It can be stated in a word or a phrase. A main idea is the major point the author makes about the topic. A topic and main idea are not the same thing. The main idea is a complete thought, usually in the form of a sentence, and gives more detailed information about the topic. The topic is just a word or phrase. Each main idea is supported by evidence or details called supporting details (ideas that prove, clarify, justify, or otherwise support the main idea). Previewing to Determine Topic Previewing (looking over your reading material before you thoroughly read it, looking for specific things to mentally prepare yourself to read) is a strategy that helps you mentally prepare for reading new material. It is skimming with a goal. To preview, you skim the reading assignment, reading the title, introduction, headings, subheadings, visuals, and, if there is one, chapter summary. Strategy to understand an author’s main point:
When you read a textbook, you understand that the author has something in mind that he or she wants to communicate to you. You are actually applying the Theory of Mind when you do this. The Theory of Mind is our understanding that other people also have thoughts, ideas, feelings, desires, fears, and beliefs. Research shows that even children are aware that others have a mind. When you are reading, you are expected to move beyond what is printed for a more complete understanding. ================================================================================================ Reader-Response Theory: Activating Prior Knowledge to understand what you are reading, you need to have knowledge about what you are reading to connect it with what you already know. Prior knowledge (everything you have learned or experienced about a topic previously) , also called your schema, will be activated. As a result, you will be able to understand and respond to what the writer tells you. ================================================================================================ Implied main ideas, which are the main points in a paragraph, section, or chapter that are not stated directly. You have to work with the text to figure out the main idea and ask yourself what idea the sentences support. Inference is the process of drawing conclusions about information when an author's opinions or ideas are not directly stated. Making Inferences Making an inference or conclusion about what you read involves many factors—your assumptions, the author's words, other facts. Very often when you are trying to infer what an author is saying, you make personal assumptions that lead you to that inference. Assumptions (beliefs and ideas collected over a lifetime from experiences).
Authors use supporting details (additional information an author provides to add meaning to the main idea) to illustrate and explain their main ideas. Unlike topics or main ideas, which are more general in nature, details consist of facts, examples, definitions, and other more specific information. There are two types of details: major supporting details and minor supporting details. Major supporting details (details that directly support the main idea) are the ideas and arguments an author uses to validate his or her main point or points. Major supporting details can be arguments, examples, illustrations, facts, opinions, and definitions. Minor supporting details (details that directly support the major details) are used to clarify and enhance major details. Minor supporting details are even more detailed than major supporting details. They exemplify, illustrate, or offer other related information about the major supporting details. They enhance the major details but are not absolutely necessary for basic comprehension of the reading. Keep in mind that supporting details, both major and minor, can be as small as single words in a sentence or as big as an entire sentence. Strategies to find the major supporting details are:
Two strategies to decide which minor details are worth remembering:
SOURCES:
×『9.』×
【増原 紀花】 / Norika R. Masuhara
0 Comments
Your comment will be posted after it is approved.
Leave a Reply. |
Author 増原 紀花増原 紀花 is my real name. Nick: Yuu / Ara, it goes the same with Rui. Archives
April 2017
Categories
All
|