Summary...
Mind your lessons.
SummarizING makeS everything easier.
But, CHECK " Learn English ✌" Page FIRST FOR THE LESSON.
Places
There are plenty of cheap hotels in the town. Is there a camp site here? The room | has | central heating. The room | has got | central heating. | Has the town got | a museum? | Does the town have | a museum?
above, over, below, under; by, beside, next to; between; opposite; behind, in front of.
Where can I have my coat cleaned?
There are cafés, where you can get a cheap cup of coffee.
services amenities in towns ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Giving Instructions & Directions
on (to), off; up to, towards, away from; up, down; along, through, between; across, round, past, over, under
Take the first turning on your left/on your right. | Keep | straight on along this road. | Go | straight on along this road. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Asking / Letting People Do Things
Lend me a pound, would you? | Do you think you could lend me | your bicycle? | Would you mind lending me | your bicycle? I don't suppose you could look after my dog for a week, could you?
Would you mind not staring at me?
Would it be all right if I opened all the windows?
I asked her if I could use the kitchen. They let me go home early.
Would you like me to go to the bank for you? I'll go to the bank for you if you like. Would you like to spend the night here? You can spend the night here if you like.
She offered to go to the bank for me. She offered me to let me spend the night at her house. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ The Past & The Present
I used to be driven to school in the morning. People } used not to | travel abroad much. People | didn't use to | travel abroad much. Where did you use to go for your holidays?
I remember we used to fish in the canal, but we would never catch anything.
We don't go out together any | longer | (We've stopped going out together.) He hasn't got his car any | more. | (He's sold it.) He hasn't got his car any | longer. | (He's sold it.)
The hotel has been pulled down. They've turned the old houses into offices. The old houses have been turned into offices.
I used to go to theatre more often than I do now. I laugh more than I used to. I used to laugh less than I do now. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Leisure Activities & Skills
Do you | go fishing | (at all) ? Do you play chess (at all) ? Do you do any gardening?
I don't go swimming very much. I don't play chess at all. I do a lot of painting. I don't do much waterskiing. I don't do any cooking.
She's terrific at swimming. I'm not very good at (playing) chess. Are you a good dancer? She's a fantastic swimmer. I'm quite a good chess player.
※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Location
I left my car in the car park. There was a label on the bottle. The house is on the main road. He was standing at the window.
There's a letter box at the corner of our street. The freezer is at the top of the fridge. There was a picture of Elvis Presley on the cover of the book. Our garden's got trees at the end. There's a hole in the knee of my jeans.
St Helens is about 12 miles northeast of Liverpool, on the A57. New Orleans is on the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of the Mississippi.
geographical features ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Prediction
They may/might/could move to a bigger house. She probably/certainly won't come back before midnight.
I shouldn't think she'll be promoted. I doubt if he'll get into trouble.
The firm certainly won't make a profit unless they attract new customers.
Look at that plant - I think it's going to die.
By next summer they will have moved to Berlin. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Setting a Scene
There were a few people dancing. There was a man sitting in the corner, reading a book.
He was lying stretched out in the sun. An old woman dressed in black was walking down the road.
The road crossed a stream and then ran through a forest.
When I got back, I found that everything had changed. There was some milk in the fridge. She had left some milk in the fridge. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※
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Arrangements & Plans
Perhaps / Maybe I won't go to the cinema tonight. I think I'll read that book. I don't think I'll read that book.
Shall we invite Peter to dinner? Let's go for a walk?
They're planning to build an extension to their home. She's intending to retire next year. I'm thinking of buying a bicycle.
He's flying to Italy on Friday. (He's already booked the ticket.) ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Past Events
He left university in 1960. A year | after that | he became a teacher. A year after | leaving | university, he became a teacher A year after | he left | university, he became a teacher. He became a millionaire | after he went to Australia. | He became a millionaire | when/while he was in Australia. | He became a millionaire | before he left Australia. | He didn't become a millionaire till/until he went to Australia.
I didn't meet Susan till 1950. When did you meet Susan?
at Easter on Sunday evening on 6 July in 1960 in September in the autumn in Roman times last monday yesterday five years ago
The house was built in the 19th century. Cervantes wrote Don Quixote. Don Quixote was written by Cervantes. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Recent Past Actions and Activities
I booked some seats for the theatre yesterday. Have you packed the picnic? Yes, I have - I packed it before breakfast.
The electricity is turned off. She's put some milk in the fridge. There is some milk in the fridge.
I've looked at five flats so far, but I haven't found one I like yet. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Likes and Dislikes, State Preferences
I'm fond of going to the opera. I love people inviting me to parties. I love being invited to parties. She doesn't like people pulling her hair. She doesn't like having her hair pulled.
I prefer eating in restaurants. I prefer eating in restaurants to eating at home.
I like to have a good breakfast in the morning.
※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ General Advice & Advice to Take Precautions
You ought to phone the police. Why don't you have a rest? You'd better speak to your father about it. If I were you, I'd look for a job.
I suggested that he | should phone | the police. I suggested that he | phoned | the police.
Have you tried writing to them?
You should wash you hands before eating in case they have germs on them. You should lock the car because otherwise someone might steal it. You should lock the car | so that no-one steals it. | You should lock the car | in case someone steals it. |
And | it's a good idea to | check the weather forecast before you set out. And | it's best to | check the weather forecast before you set out. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Similarities & Differences
I've got one too. / So have I. I enjoyed the film. I did too. / So did I. I don't like spiders. I don't like them either. / Nor/Neither do I. I can't sing. I can't either. / Nor/Neither can I.
No, I'm not very fond of them myself. I enjoyed the film. Yes, I quite liked it myself.
Both of us have been to Canada. Neither of them knows how to read. Does either of the rooms have a bath?
Neither tea nor coffee is good for you in large quantities.
※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Objects
an alarm clock a sewing machine a screwdriver nail varnish writing paper fly killer
My coat is the one | that has | a silk lining. His skis are the ones | with | silver tips. His skis are the ones | that have | silver tips. He's got a watch with a luminous dial. I've got one with a square face.
I'm looking for a pen that will write on glass. I want a dish (that) you can put in a hot oven. A carving knife is a knife (that) you carve meat with.
What do you call that white stuff (you use) for washing clothes? Glue is used for sticking things together. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Criticising
You shouldn't be working so hard. She should have stayed in bed. You shouldn't have been driving so fast.
If you didn't watch TV so much, you'd have more time for work.
If you hadn't shouted at him, he wouldn't have walked out. If he'd been watching the toast, it wouldn't have burnt. If you hadn't been driving so fast, you wouldn't have skidded.
Mary's so absent-minded - she's always forgetting things. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※
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Daily Routine
He's an English teacher. He mends shoes He's a shoe mender.
How often do you wash your hair?
As a rule, I get up at 7 o'clock. I get up at 7 o'clock as a rule.
They send us a gas bill every three months. I go swimming once a week.
The workers | are | paid once a month. The workers | get | paid once a month. Sometimes people mistake him for his brother. Sometimes he | is | mistaken for his brother. Sometimes he | gets | mistaken for his brother.
※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Current Activities (Present)
The sun is gradually cooling down. A lot of people are wearing white jeans this year.
Look, there's someone standing outside the window. Is there anyone sitting here?
Our voices are being recorded. They are completely reorganising the office. The office is being completely reorganised. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Comparison
Plastic isn't as strong as leather. Cars are more expensive to run than motorbikes. Motorbike aren't as expensive to run as cars.
She can swim faster than I can. Can't you drive a bit more slowly (than that)? They're working as hard as they can.
That dog isn't as dangerous as it looks.
She has the most beautiful voice (of all of us). He smokes the most heavily (of all of us), but he also works the hardest.
※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Past Events and Circumstances, Consequences
He twisted his ankle while he was skiing. They were walking in the mountains when the mist came down. The mist came down while they were walking in the mountains. When the mist came down, they stayed where they were and waited for it to clear.
'Yes, I have. I saw one last summer. I was walking in the mountains when I suddenly saw a silver object in the sky . . .'
I could see smoke rising from the roof. I heard someone say 'Who's there?' I felt a bee crawling slowly up my back. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Origin & Duration
I became a teacher | a long time ago. | I became a teacher | in 1968. | When did he start playing the guitar? He started playing | six months ago. | He started playing | in June. | How long ago did you buy your cooker? We bought it | a year ago. | We bought it | last year. |
I've been a teacher | for a long time. | I've been a teacher | since 1968. | How long has he been playing the guitar? He's been playing | for six months. | He's been playing | since June. | How long have you had your cooker? We've had it | for a year. | We've had it | since last year. |
He's been playing the guitar (ever) since he got one for his birthday.
How long is it since you last had a meal? I last had a meal two days ago. I haven't had a meal | for two days. | I haven't had a meal | since Tuesday. | It's two days since I last had a meal. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Obligation
You mustn't stay out too late. We've got to stay in our seats. We can't/aren't allowed to walk about.
You needn't/don't need to do the washing up now. We can pay by cheque. We don't have to pay in cash.
He doesn't make his students do enough work. They let their cat sit on the table. Her parents don't let her eat sweets.
I couldn't have any guests in my room. He didn't have to get up early on Sundays. They let us smoke during examinations.
You can go anywhere you like. I don't mind who you invite to dinner. You can stay there as long as you like. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Degree
The classrooms aren't warm enough in winter. There are too many American films on TV. There aren't enough educational programmes on TV.
The water was much too dirty to swim in. The office is too busy for me to take any time off. He's not nearly old enough to get married. The ice isn't thick enough to walk on. There isn't enough food for everyone to eat.
It was such a bad film that we left half way through. He has so many children that he can't remember all their names. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ Explanations (Causes and Results)
Many people do yoga | in order to keep fit. | She joined a drama group | because she felt lonely. | She joined a drama group | so that she could meet people. |
Trade unions exist in order to protect workers. 'Actors Anonymous' is especially concerned with helping young actors to establish themselves.
Many forest fires were caused by the hot weather. As a result of cigarette price rises, many people are giving up smoking. In the summer, thousands of tourists come to the town. This often | leads to | traffic congestion in the streets. In the summer, thousands of tourists come to the town. This often | causes | traffic congestion in the streets.
| In spite of | his popularity, he didn't win the election. | Despite | his popularity, he didn't win the election. | In spite of | the fact that he was very popular, he didn't win the election. | Despite | the fact that he was very popular, he didn't win the election.
We stayed indoors | because of the fighting in the streets. | | Because of the heavy rainfall, | many crops were destroyed. | Because it had rained so heavily, | many crops were destroyed. ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※ ※
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